Journal: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Article Title: Coumarin-chalcone derivatives as dual NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors targeting oxidative stress and inflammation in neurotoxin-induced HMC3 and BE(2)-M17 cell models of Parkinson's disease

doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1437138

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neuroinflammatory, antioxidative, and neuroprotective effects of LM compounds on MPP + -treated BE(2)-M17 cells. Cells were treated as described. (A) Neuroinflammatory NLRP1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, (B) antioxidative NRF2, NQO1, GCLC, and PGC-1α, and (C) neuroprotective CREB, BDNF, and BCL2, and pro-apoptotic BAX were examined ( n = 3). GAPDH was included as a loading control. To normalize, the relative protein levels in MPP + -untreated cells were set at 100%. p -values: comparisons between MPP + -untreated and treated cells ( # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001), or with and without compound addition (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: After being blocked, the PVDF membrane was stained with NLRP3 (#15101s), caspase-1 (CASP1; #3866s), iNOS (#20609), IL-1β (#12242), CREB (#9192), BCL2-associated X (BAX; #2772; 1:1,000; Cell Signaling), IL-6 (#ab6672), TNF-α (#ab9739), GCLC (#ab41463), BDNF (#ab108319; 1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), NLRP1 (#NBP-1-54899; 1:500; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA), NRF2 (#ABE413), NQO1 (#N5288), p-CREB (Ser133; #06-519; 1:1,000; Sigma-Aldrich), PGC-1α (#GTX37356; 1:1,000; GeneTex, Irvine, CA, USA), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2; #IR94-392; 1:1,000; iReal Biotechnology, New Taipei City, Taiwan), or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; #30000002; 1:1,000; MDBio, Taipei, Taiwan) primary antibody at room temperature 2 h or 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Control